Open bottom designed feedwells are inefficient and typically suffer from short circuiting. The incoming feed lacks adequate mixing energy and sufficient contact with the flocculant and dilution water. Segregation then occurs causing the coarse material to settle and disperse to one side of the thickener floor, with the fine material then pluming towards the surface creating froth and resulting in dirty overflow. Since the development of CFD modelling, the more recent technology of the closed bottom designs has now also been discovered to short circuit. This usually leads to excessive flocculant consumption and poor performance with the thickener failing to meet the process objectives such as underflow densities and overflow clarities.
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